Refractory material.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES M. ALLEN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO FELLHAUER-ALLEN MANUFAC- TURING COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURLA. CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

REFRACTORY MATERIAL.

1,275,354. No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jams M. ALLEN, a

- citizen of th'e l'lfii'tefstateffd a resident mineral cementing and of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Refractory Material, of which, the following is a specificatio The object of my invention is to produce a comparatively simlple and inexpensive refractory material w ich is particularly applicable for making crucibles, retorts, fire brick and tile, furnace linings and like articles and products which are necessarily subjected to comparative high degrees of heat.

My composition consists of a mixture of two or more varieties of fire clay, a carbonaceous material such as anthracite coal and a glazing material, such as galena or lead oxid.

In preparing the composition to manufacture my improved refractory material, I

prefer to use the ingredients in about the folowing proportions: pulverized fire clays 48%%, pulverized anthracite coal 48.}%, and pulverized galena, or lead oxid 3%.

Satisfactory results may be obtained, how-- ever, when the ingredients are varied within the following limitsfrom. 40 to 58 per cent. fire clay, an from 40 to 58 per cent. anthracitedcoal, the remainder being galena, or lead on These ingredients are thoroughly mixed with each other and with a quantity of water sufiicient to form a comparatively stifi' paste, which can be readily worked with the hands or molded in suitable forms.

After the articles have been properly formed and air-dried they are SIIbJGCtGd to heat from 1,400 to 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit and the resultant product is very hard, having a glazed or seml-glazed surface, and is refractory to a high degree.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 13, 1918. Application filed November 10, 1917. Serial No. 201,250.

In my improved material I prefer to use two or more different varieties of'fire clay in order to form a perfect bond and readily workable material while being mixed. Further, by using two or more varieties of fire clay the finished product has a body which is of the same density throughout its walls or dimensions. The coal in the finished product provides the necessary expansive-element and it will be understood that when the product is first subjected to heat, certain volatile gases will be given off from the coal and the resulting ash is bonded to the surrounding clay so that when the material is later sub ected to heat it will readily expand and contract as a result of varying temperatures. 7

The galena or lead oxid materially assists in bonding the clay and coal together and provides the finished material with a comparatively smooth glazed or semi-glazedsurface. Refractoiymaterial of my improved -constructionis particularly adapted for use in the formation of crucibles and retorts, and saidmaterial can be subjected to great heat without flaking or cracking.

I claim- 1. The herein described refractory material composed of twp or more varieties of signature, this thirtieth day of October, 1917. 7

JAMES M. ALLEN. 

